The purpose of this paper is to examine the process of accepting Western philosophy in modern China and the characteristics of the process. To this end, the acceptance of Western philosophy before and after the Opium War is first reviewed, and then the Chinese acceptance of philosophical concepts translated from Japan, the formation of Chinese own philosophical concepts, and the history of Chinese philosophy are further examined. In particular, the period from the Opium War to the early 20th century is divided into three periods: a period of foundation formation, a period of acceptance and learning, and a period of enlightenment. Then, the content and characteristics of accepted philosophy and the translation of philosophy in each period are examined in detail. After the Opium War, the chinese character for philosophy ,first translated from Japan, was not yet commonly used in China ,and Concepts such as zhì xué(智學), ài zhì xué(愛智學), qióng lǐxué(窮理學), lǐxué (理學), and gézhì(格致) were used interchangeably. Since 1900, a large number of Japanese translated books had been translated into Chinese, and then Philosophy, the modern translated word, was established in China by Chinese intellectuals such as Liang Qichao and Tsai Yuan Pei. The acceptance and translation of philosophical concepts in China was not a simple matter of translation but was related to various understandings and interpretations of Chinese philosophy. Starting in 1916, seven works on history of Chinese philosophy were published, through which the concept of Chinese philosophy was formed.